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51.
Yin-Jou Chou Chia-Yu Ou Te-Yao Hsu Chia-Wei Liou Cheng-Feng Lee Dan-Ju Tso Yau-Huei Wei 《黑龙江环境通报》2004,24(5):367-370
We prenatally diagnosed MELAS syndrome in a fetus whose mother and older brother had the MELAS-specific A3243G mutation. The mutant mtDNA level of the amniotic fluid cells was not significantly different from that of the postnatal peripheral blood and hair follicle samples. The obstetrical course was uncomplicated except for transient exacerbation of the mother's diabetes, which required insulin control. At term, the infant was macrosomic, and the delivery was complicated by shoulder dystocia. MELAS syndrome in itself does not influence either the prenatal course of the mother or the fetal outcome. In contrast to the fulminating clinical course of this mother's first child, MELAS symptoms did not develop in her second child until age four, despite similar high tissue levels of mutant mtDNA. The phenotypic diversity in two offspring with similar higher levels of mutant mtDNA suggests that prenatal genetic diagnosis of cultured amniotic cells may yield results that are poor prognosticators of fetal outcome. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
52.
Enteric duplications are rare lesions, and relatively few cases have been diagnosed prenatally. We present, to our knowledge, the first case of an associated communicating ileal duplication cyst in a huge omphalocele diagnosed prenatally. The prenatal ultrasound findings revealed four features of the cystic lesion including peristaltic movements of the cystic wall, communication between the cyst and normal bowel lumen, intra-cystic echogenic contents, and echogenic mesenteric tissue (fat) close to the cyst. These distinct characteristics helped us to make a firm in utero diagnosis. Copyright © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
53.
Luiz-Silva Wanderson Maceira Maria Elvira Pieiro Rotunno Filho Otto Corra Chou Sin Chan 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2022,27(1):13-28
Environmental Modeling & Assessment - The São Francisco River Basin plays a critical role in the hydroelectrical operational planning of Brazil. Understanding the hydroclimatic dynamic... 相似文献
54.
A treatability study was conducted to determine the potential of white rot fungi to remediate soil from a Superfund site that had been contaminated with DDT. A tiered approach was utilized, starting with simple laboratory studies to screen the potential of white rot fungal strains to degrade DDT and culminating with a soil pan study that simulated land farming. Results from early tiers of the study indicated that Phanerochaete sordida had the best potential for remediating the soil. In the soil pan study, the fungus ultimately grew very well after second inoculation. However, the good growth did not translate to higher DDT removal compared to removal in pans that were not inoculated. 14[DDT] fate studies indicated the small amount of removal that did occur for both fungal inoculated and non‐inoculated conditions could be partially attributed to incorporation into humic material. Addition of a surfactant to the soil enhanced the removal of DDT in both inoculated and non‐inoculated soil. Consequently, under simulated land fanning conditions, this strain of fungus was not successful in remediating this soil. 相似文献
55.
Shucheng Yang Yanling He Yonghong Liu Charles Chou Pengxiang Zhang Dongqi Wang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2010,4(2):142-149
Calcium carbonate often precipitates in anaerobic reactors treating wastewater with high calcium content. The aim of this paper is to study the effect of wastewater composition on calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactors. Two laboratory-scale UASB reactors were operated with calcium-containing influents using acetate and carbohydrate as substrate, respectively. There was an obvious accumulation of inorganic precipitate observed in the biogranules. Observations via scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) showed that the acclimated biogranules in the two reactors differed in microstructure. Calcium carbonate was found to have precipitated on the surface of acetate-degrading biogranules, but precipitated at the core of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules. The results indicated that substrates had significant influence on the location of calcium carbonate precipitation in anaerobic granular sludge, which was expected due to the different methanogens distribution and pH gradient within the granular sludge degrading various substrates. Moreover, the location of calcium carbonate precipitation substantially affected the specific methanogenic activity (SMA) of the granular sludge. The SMA of the acetate-degrading biogranules dropped from \(1.96 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1} \) to \(0.61 gCOD_{CH_4 } \cdot gVSS^{ - 1} \cdot d^{ - 1} \) after 180-d of operation in the reactor. However, the SMA of the carbohydrate-degrading biogranules was not adversely affected by calcium carbonate precipitation. 相似文献
56.
To assess the impact of long-term feeding of fungicides on sperm quality, mice were fed a daily diet containing a mixture of maneb and zineb, at concentrations of 30, 300, and 3000 ppm, respectively. Employing epididymal sperm suspended in a medium permitting in vitro capacitation, the intracellular free Ca2+ concentration, [Ca2+]i, was determined with a fluorescent Ca2+ indicator, Fura-2. Regardless of the fungicide dosages applied, [Ca2+]i was about 50 percent higher in treated animals relative to a value of 123 nM [Ca2+]i in the control group. Fungicide-treated mice were mated to mature, non-treated females; as in the control, the litter sizes were the same. In conclusion, the observed elevation in [Ca2+]i seems to reflect cellular adaptation responses to toxic stress at moderate fungicide doses. 相似文献
57.
58.
Niagolova N McElmurry SP Voice TC Long DT Petropoulos EA Havezov I Chou K Ganev V 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,134(2):229-237
This study explored two hypotheses relating elevated concentrations of nitrogen species in drinking water and the disease Balkan Endemic Nephropathy (BEN). Drinking water samples were collected from a variety of water supplies in both endemic and non-endemic villages in the Vratza and Montana districts of Bulgaria. The majority of well water samples exceeded US drinking water standards for nitrate + nitrite. No statistically significant difference was observed for any of the nitrogen species between villages classified as endemic and non-endemic. Other constituents (sodium, potassium and chloride) known to be indicators of anthropogenic pollution were also found at elevated concentrations and all followed the order wells > springs > taps. This ordering coincides with the proximity of human influences to the water sources. Our results clearly establish an exposure pathway between anthropogenic activity and drinking water supplies, suggesting that the causative agent for BEN could result from surface contamination. 相似文献
59.
Liao CM Liang HM Chen BC Singh S Tsai JW Chou YH Lin WT 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2005,135(2):221-233
A physiologically based pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PBPK/PD) models were developed for arsenic (As) in tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus from blackfoot disease area in Taiwan. The PBPK/PD model structure consisted of muscle, gill, gut wall, alimentary canal, and liver, which were interconnected by blood circulation. We integrate the target organ concentrations and dynamic response describing uptake, metabolism, and disposition of As and the associated area-under-curve (AUC)-based toxicological dynamics following an acute exposure. The model validations were compared against the field observations from real tilapia farms and previously published uptake/depuration experimental data, indicating that predicted and measured As concentrations in major organs of tilapia were in good agreement. The model was utilized to reasonably simulate and construct a dose-dependent dynamic response between mortality effect and equilibrium target organ concentrations. Model simulations suggest that tilapia gills may serve as a surrogate sensitive biomarker of short-term exposure to As. This integrated As PBPK/PD/AUC model quantitatively estimates target organ concentration and dynamic response in tilapia and is a strong framework for future waterborne metal model development and for refining a biologically-based risk assessment for exposure of aquatic species to waterborne metals under a variety of scenarios. 相似文献
60.
Chein-Jung Shiu Shaw Chen Liu Chih-Chung Chang Jen-Ping Chen Charles C.K. Chou Chuan-Yao Lin Chea-Yuan Young 《Atmospheric environment (Oxford, England : 1994)》2007,41(40):9324-9340
An observation-based method (OBM) is developed to evaluate the ozone (O3) production efficiency (O3 molecules produced per NOx molecule consumed) and O3 production rate (P(O3)) during a field campaign in southern Taiwan. The method can also provide an estimate of the concentration of OH. A key step in the method is to use observed concentrations of two aromatic hydrocarbons, namely ethylbenzene and m,p-xylene, to estimate the degree of photochemical processing and amounts of photochemically consumed NOx and NMHCs by OH. In addition, total oxidant (O3+NO2) instead of O3 itself turns out to be very useful for representing ozone production in the OBM approach. The average O3 production efficiency during the field campaign in Fall (2003) is found to be about 10.2±3.9. The relationship of P(O3) with NOx is examined and compared with a one-dimensional (1D) photochemical model. Values of P(O3) derived from the OBM are slightly lower than those calculated in the 1D model. However, OH concentrations estimated by the OBM are about a factor of 2 lower than the 1D model. Fresh emissions, which affect the degree of photochemical processing appear to be a major cause of the underestimate. We have developed a three-dimensional (3D) OBM O3 production diagram that resembles the EKMA ozone isopleth diagram to study the relationship of the total oxidant versus O3 precursors. The 3D OBM O3 production diagram suggests that reducing emissions of NMHCs are more effective in controlling O3 than reducing NOx. However, significant uncertainties remain in the OBM, and considerable more work is required to minimize these uncertainties before a definitive control strategy can be reached. The observation-based approach provides a good alternative to measuring peroxy radicals for evaluating the production of O3 and formulating O3 control strategy in urban and suburban environments. 相似文献